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Childhood Eyelid Pilomatricoma Mimicking Recurrent Chalazion

Received: 13 September 2021     Accepted: 5 October 2021     Published: 16 October 2021
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Abstract

Pilomatricoma is a rare benign subcutaneous childhood tumor first described in 1880. It has no gender predilection. The exact etiology of this disease is still unknown. However, association with mutation in the CTNNB1 gene was reported. The most frequent location is the neck, although the upper eyelid is an uncommon site of involvement. The diagnosis of pilomatricoma is clinically challenging, and is based on histopathologic examination, after complete surgical excision, which is the radical treatment. It shows foreign body reaction that surrounds nucleated basophilic cells and islands of enucleated calcified ghost cells. The tumor may have diverse clinical presentations and aspects. It commonly manifests as an asymptomatic, solitary subcutaneous mass. Some clinical signs are specific such as the tend sign and the teeter-totter sign. Squamous and basal cell carcinoma are the main clinical differential diagnoses, and should be routinely ruled out. Radiologic investigations (ultrasonography and Magnetic resonance imaging: MRI) may enhance diagnosis accuracy in atypical cases. Ultrasonography shows hyperechoic and heterogeneous mass. MRI is more specific for diagnosis showing homogeneous well-defined mass on T1-weighted scans and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Pilomatricoma of the upper eyelid may be misdiagnosed and treated as recurrent chalazion. Recurrence and malignant transformation of pilomatricoma are rare after complete surgical excision. This case report is about a 14-year-old healthy boy who exhibited large pilomatricoma in the upper eyelid initially misdiagnosed and mistreated as chalazion.

Published in International Journal of Ophthalmology & Visual Science (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijovs.20210604.13
Page(s) 199-202
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Pilomatricoma, Eyelid, Chalazion, Childhood, Surgery

References
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[5] Rizvi SA, Naim M, Alam MS. A giant upper eyelid ossifying pilomatrixoma. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2008; 56 (6): 509-511.
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[9] McCormack L, Trivedi A, Lal K, Amano S, Elaba ZRP, McIntyre J, Wiss K. Proliferating pilomatricoma in a 9-year-old girl. Pediatr Dermatol. 2020; 37 (6): 1187-1188.
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Asma Zaghdoudi, Riadh Messaoud, Molka Khairallah, Sana Khochtali, Rym Hadhri, et al. (2021). Childhood Eyelid Pilomatricoma Mimicking Recurrent Chalazion. International Journal of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 6(4), 199-202. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijovs.20210604.13

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    ACS Style

    Asma Zaghdoudi; Riadh Messaoud; Molka Khairallah; Sana Khochtali; Rym Hadhri, et al. Childhood Eyelid Pilomatricoma Mimicking Recurrent Chalazion. Int. J. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 2021, 6(4), 199-202. doi: 10.11648/j.ijovs.20210604.13

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    AMA Style

    Asma Zaghdoudi, Riadh Messaoud, Molka Khairallah, Sana Khochtali, Rym Hadhri, et al. Childhood Eyelid Pilomatricoma Mimicking Recurrent Chalazion. Int J Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2021;6(4):199-202. doi: 10.11648/j.ijovs.20210604.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijovs.20210604.13,
      author = {Asma Zaghdoudi and Riadh Messaoud and Molka Khairallah and Sana Khochtali and Rym Hadhri and Sameh Mbarek and Fatma Abid and Wafa Ammari and Anis Mahmoud and Moncef Khairallah},
      title = {Childhood Eyelid Pilomatricoma Mimicking Recurrent Chalazion},
      journal = {International Journal of Ophthalmology & Visual Science},
      volume = {6},
      number = {4},
      pages = {199-202},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijovs.20210604.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijovs.20210604.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijovs.20210604.13},
      abstract = {Pilomatricoma is a rare benign subcutaneous childhood tumor first described in 1880. It has no gender predilection. The exact etiology of this disease is still unknown. However, association with mutation in the CTNNB1 gene was reported. The most frequent location is the neck, although the upper eyelid is an uncommon site of involvement. The diagnosis of pilomatricoma is clinically challenging, and is based on histopathologic examination, after complete surgical excision, which is the radical treatment. It shows foreign body reaction that surrounds nucleated basophilic cells and islands of enucleated calcified ghost cells. The tumor may have diverse clinical presentations and aspects. It commonly manifests as an asymptomatic, solitary subcutaneous mass. Some clinical signs are specific such as the tend sign and the teeter-totter sign. Squamous and basal cell carcinoma are the main clinical differential diagnoses, and should be routinely ruled out. Radiologic investigations (ultrasonography and Magnetic resonance imaging: MRI) may enhance diagnosis accuracy in atypical cases. Ultrasonography shows hyperechoic and heterogeneous mass. MRI is more specific for diagnosis showing homogeneous well-defined mass on T1-weighted scans and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Pilomatricoma of the upper eyelid may be misdiagnosed and treated as recurrent chalazion. Recurrence and malignant transformation of pilomatricoma are rare after complete surgical excision. This case report is about a 14-year-old healthy boy who exhibited large pilomatricoma in the upper eyelid initially misdiagnosed and mistreated as chalazion.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Childhood Eyelid Pilomatricoma Mimicking Recurrent Chalazion
    AU  - Asma Zaghdoudi
    AU  - Riadh Messaoud
    AU  - Molka Khairallah
    AU  - Sana Khochtali
    AU  - Rym Hadhri
    AU  - Sameh Mbarek
    AU  - Fatma Abid
    AU  - Wafa Ammari
    AU  - Anis Mahmoud
    AU  - Moncef Khairallah
    Y1  - 2021/10/16
    PY  - 2021
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijovs.20210604.13
    T2  - International Journal of Ophthalmology & Visual Science
    JF  - International Journal of Ophthalmology & Visual Science
    JO  - International Journal of Ophthalmology & Visual Science
    SP  - 199
    EP  - 202
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2637-3858
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijovs.20210604.13
    AB  - Pilomatricoma is a rare benign subcutaneous childhood tumor first described in 1880. It has no gender predilection. The exact etiology of this disease is still unknown. However, association with mutation in the CTNNB1 gene was reported. The most frequent location is the neck, although the upper eyelid is an uncommon site of involvement. The diagnosis of pilomatricoma is clinically challenging, and is based on histopathologic examination, after complete surgical excision, which is the radical treatment. It shows foreign body reaction that surrounds nucleated basophilic cells and islands of enucleated calcified ghost cells. The tumor may have diverse clinical presentations and aspects. It commonly manifests as an asymptomatic, solitary subcutaneous mass. Some clinical signs are specific such as the tend sign and the teeter-totter sign. Squamous and basal cell carcinoma are the main clinical differential diagnoses, and should be routinely ruled out. Radiologic investigations (ultrasonography and Magnetic resonance imaging: MRI) may enhance diagnosis accuracy in atypical cases. Ultrasonography shows hyperechoic and heterogeneous mass. MRI is more specific for diagnosis showing homogeneous well-defined mass on T1-weighted scans and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Pilomatricoma of the upper eyelid may be misdiagnosed and treated as recurrent chalazion. Recurrence and malignant transformation of pilomatricoma are rare after complete surgical excision. This case report is about a 14-year-old healthy boy who exhibited large pilomatricoma in the upper eyelid initially misdiagnosed and mistreated as chalazion.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia

  • Department of Ophthalmology, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia

  • Department of Ophthalmology, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia

  • Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia

  • Department of Anatomopathology, Fattouma Bourguiba Universisty Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia

  • Department of Ophthalmology, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia

  • Department of Ophthalmology, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia

  • Department of Ophthalmology, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia

  • Department of Ophthalmology, Tahar Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia

  • Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia

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